On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization classified the outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as a pandemic ( WHO, 2020b). All in all, results of this study provide a more in-depth view on joint music making during the first weeks of lockdown induced by the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020, and demonstrate users’ perceptions of performance and usability of online real-time platforms as well as alternative methods for musical interaction. Results also demonstrated an increase of 93% in the use of alternative remote joint music-making methods (e.g., recording parts separately and subsequently circulating these digital recordings). Furthermore, respondents depending on music making as their main source of income explored online real-time methods significantly more than those relying on other income sources. However, when such video-conferencing platforms were used, they were often not employed for synchronized playing and were generally reported to insufficiently deal with latency issues. Respondents reported to mostly use well-known video-conferencing platforms such as Zoom and Skype when playing together virtually. However, results showed that most respondents were largely or even completely unaccustomed with specialized platforms for online joint music making (e.g., JamKazam, Jamulus). In contrast, an increase of 264% was demonstrated for online joint music making. Results indicated a decrease of 79% of live music making in social settings during lockdown compared with before lockdown. The majority of respondents (95%) resided in Belgium or the Netherlands. We investigated how musicians dealt with this sudden restriction in mobility. 2Department of Data Analysis, Ghent University, Ghent, BelgiumĪ wide range of countries decided to go into lockdown to contain the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic of 2020, a setting separating people and restricting their movements.1IPEM, Department of Art, Music and Theatre Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.Onderdijk 1*, Freya Acar 2 and Edith Van Dyck 1
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